The most widely held theory is that Napoleon ordered that French roads be lined with trees so that his troops would be able to march the length and breadth of the country in the shade. This audio slideshow talks about some Plane tree "myths" - … For nearly four decades, Planetree has developed and refined a proven process for implementing organization-wide culture change, procedures, processes, and best practices for transitioning to the person-centered care model and earning Certification for … The Champs-Elysees, this aesthetically pronounced allee of magnificence and stately grandeur is lined with the London Plane, a storied tree worthy of its place in the history of street trees. The male flower has 3–8 stamens; the female has a superior ovary with 3–7 carpels. The plane tree has been a frequent motif featured in Classical Chinese poetry as an embodiment of sorrowful sentiments due to its autumnal shedding of leaves. The legendary Dry tree first recorded by Marco Polo was possibly a platanus. The London plane is particularly popular for this purpose. Platane trees are such an integral part of the identity of France and the French way of life, that they have to be considered the king of trees. : By this mosque is an ancient plane tree, called after Hippocrates, the "father of herbs ine", who was born on the island. In short, it was a beautiful, languid, laidback, and very FRENCH sort of place. London Plane, near the Louvre, Paris, France. They proudly stand witness to the intimate moments of cooler months just as easily as the bustling gatherings of village festivals and events. They are the sole living members of the family Platanaceae. Terrace with garden furniture beneath the plane tree. Counter-arguments suggest the trees in fact assist drivers in their perception of speed and are a visual aid to the twists and turns of country lanes. [5] There are fossil records of plane trees as early as 115 million years (the Lower Cretaceous). The hybrid London plane (Platanus × acerifolia) has proved particularly tolerant of urban conditions, and has been widely planted in London and elsewhere in the United Kingdom. Plane trees are wind-pollinated. The following are recognized species of plane trees: Planes are susceptible to plane anthracnose (Apiognomonia veneta), a fungal disease that can defoliate the trees in some years. They are the sole living members of the family Platanaceae. The plane tree is a member of the sycamore family and bears the scientific name Platanus x acerifolia. A native to Persia, Plane trees made their debut in the Mediterranean at the beginning of the Greek civilisation. P. occidentalis and the other American species are the most susceptible, with P. orientalis the most resistant. Within subgenus Platanus, genetic evidence suggests that P. racemosa is more closely related to P. orientalis than it is to the other North American species. It is a logical explanation, although no one knows for sure if it’s true, particularly in the South of France, where it would have taken 30 to 50 years for any trees to grow tall enough to provide proper shade. French native trees, naturalist. Some tips on London plane tree trimming will help you keep your stately plant in shape. While France prepares to fell plane trees lining the roads, it is pumping millions into saving thousands shading the banks of France’s Canal du … Platanus /ˈplætənəs/ is a genus consisting of a small number of tree species native to the Northern Hemisphere. The hybrid London plane is widely planted in cities worldwide. Then as today, the landscape of the French Concession was an idyllic one of gorgeous European-style villas set amidst sprawling estates, further set against a backdrop of verdant green parks, and wide boulevards lined with plane trees. Male flower-heads fall off after shedding their pollen. View Plain Taxonomic Photo ← Prev 1 2 Next → Add an Observation. Name – Platunus Family –Proteaceae Type – tree Height – 85 to 130 feet (25 to 40 meters) Exposure – full sun Soil – ordinary, well drained Foliage – deciduous Its ornamental value is appreciated, all the more so because it provides refreshing shade. The 42,000 plane trees lining France's historic Canal du Midi are being felled because of a fungus brought to Europe by US soldiers in World War II. Because of Plato, the tree also played an important role in the scenery of Cicero's De Oratore. In the subgenus Platanus they have a palmate outline. Platanus x acerfolia. Usually a variety of sycamore, or plane tree, they sturdily withstand the inclement weather. Each type of aircraft built upon light airframes also … No French bistros or bars, no good French-influenced restaurants food or even nice shops different to those elsewhere in Shanghai. Two out of three trees in Shanghai are London plane trees. Other diseases such as powdery mildew occur frequently, but are of lesser importance. This tree is a cross between two sycamore species: Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore) and Platanus orientalis (Oriental plane). [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin platanus, from Greek platanos, perhaps from platus, broad; ... "What a singularly useless tree is the Plane! The flowers are reduced and are borne in balls (globose heads); 3–7 hairy sepals may be fused at the base, and the petals are 3–7 and are spatulate. 1. French to say au revoir to canalside trees Thousands of plane trees along the banks of the Canal du Midi, a Unesco heritage site, will have to be cut down because of a deadly fungus The number of heads in one cluster (inflorescence) is indicative of the species (see table below). They …Continue reading here to learn about the origins of Plane trees, why they line many roadways in France and the giant tree in Lamanon. On being imported to Rome, Pliny the Elder, who later died during the Mount Vesuvius eruption trying to save his friends, noted that it was very unusual for a tree to be appreciated solely for its shade (they are non fruit bearing) and he recalled how the Gauls honoured their Plane trees with red wine. History of Plane Trees. These trees provide chestnuts for baked goods, savory dishes and chestnut flour. Some may have been pruned to grow in a trained manner. Clean implements and sharp blades help prevent disease and insect intrusion. City planners call it a super tree, and Shanghai they're called 'Faguo Wuton', because when the French arrived in the nineteenth century, they brought their tree with them. The plants are tall trees, native to temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They proudly stand witness to the intimate moments of cooler months just as easily as the bustling gatherings of village festivals and events. They are often known in English as planes or plane trees. Pollarding a London Plane Tree. Some of these trees are old and have taken much time to grow into their thick, mature formations. The plane tree is one of the the most typical trees of certain regions like French Provence. Enchanted by the bountiful gardens and bordering pear orchard of this historic French villa, designer Susan Bednar Long incorporated vivacious floral patterns throughout the home. Timing of pruning is a crucial detail when cutting back a plane tree. Despite the geographic separation between North America and Old World, species from these continents will cross readily resulting in fertile hybrids such as the London plane. Chestnuts grow in spiny green pods that made this tree easy to identify. The tree is an important part of the literary scenery of Plato's dialogue Phaedrus. It is caused by the fungus Splanchnonema platani, and causes large lesions on the upper sides of branches.[7][8]. Over the centuries, the beauty of these dappled trees has not been lost on writers, poets and artists either. After being pollinated, the female flowers become achenes that form an aggregate ball. [2] The genus name Platanus comes from Ancient Greek πλάτανος, which referred to Platanus orientalis.[3]. And it still remains so today. In the 21st century a disease, commonly known as Massaria disease, has attacked plane trees across Europe. Some North American species are called sycamores (especially Platanus occidentalis[2]), although the term sycamore also refers to the fig Ficus sycomorus, the plant originally so named, and to the sycamore maple Acer pseudoplatanus. It bears no fruit, and is not of the least service to man." The Air technology research tree is used to unlock and improve different types of aircraft. The French plane tree no longer dominates; streets are mostly lined up with the native camphor tree (xiang zhang shu – 香樟树), which, as it happens, grows slower. The ball is 2.5–4 cm in diameter and contains several hundred achenes, each of which has a single seed and is conical, with the point attached downward to the net at the surface of the ball. [6] The North American species are mostly resistant to the disease, with which they probably coevolved, while the old world species are highly sensitive. There is also a tuft of many thin stiff yellow-green bristle fibers attached to the base of each achene. The deadly fungal disease was introduced accidentally in 1944 when American troops disembarked in Provence. The London plane tree accounts for over half of our city's tree population. The lavish textiles and designs mimic the thriving hornbeam hedges, lamb's ears, and towering plane trees … The result is disappointing: the long wide avenues are almost naked and resemble a barren plain, thus discouraging the most motivated pedestrians from venturing forth. The Trojan Horse was reportedly carved out of the wood of Plane trees. All members of Platanus are tall, reaching 30–50 m (98–164 ft) in height. “Saving the trees planted along the roadsides is essential for the beauty of our country, for the protection of nature, and for the safety of our human environment.” ~ Georges Pompidou, July 1970. Plato included a Plane tree as part of his literary scenery in the dialogue Phaedrus with Socrates about love, madness and the immortality of the soul. Typically, the core of the ball is 1 cm in diameter and is covered with a net of mesh 1 mm, which can be peeled off. The most severe infections are associated with cold, wet spring weather. The American plane is cultivated sometimes for timber and investigations have been made into its use as a biomass crop. The aircraft are divided into three different types of airframes: light, medium, and heavy, as well as their jet counterparts. : Très agréable terrasse naturelle sous le platane avec meubles de jardin. This family has been recognized by almost all taxonomists, and is sometimes called the "plane-tree family". [10], "Plane tree" redirects here. Another slightly contentious issue is that of pruning. The Construct for Caring. However, since the invention of cars, there have been many fatalities where people have crashed into the trees and the great French debate continues on whether or not to chop down the trees that are too close to the road. Platanus /ˈplætənəs/[1] is a genus consisting of a small number of tree species native to the Northern Hemisphere. According to the legend, it marked the site of the battle between Alexander the Great and Darius III. There are two subgenera, subgenus Castaneophyllum containing the anomalous P. kerrii, and subgenus Platanus, with all the others; recent studies in Mexico[4] have increased the number of accepted species in this subgenus. The trees were cleverly planted to demarcate curves, crossroads and intersections. Pollarding is popular in France, where pollarded London plane trees (Platanus x hispanica) are a familiar sight in town squares and boules courts. The hybrid London plane is intermediate in resistance. The hub of most French villages, especially in Provence, Plane trees are symbolic of socialising and spending time with loved ones. Artists like Van Gogh enjoyed painting under them, being sheltered from the scorching sun. While the exact details of the tree’s origin have been lost over time, it was discovered that this hybrid could tolerate the smoke and grime of London. The axillary bud is exposed only after the leaf falls off. The oriental plane is widely used as an ornamental and also has a number of minor medicinal uses. However, this harsh pruning makes them vulnerable to canker stain and other fungal diseases, especially in the wet Spring months. The fruit is a multiple of achenes (plant systematics, Simpson M. G., 2006). The window boxes add a touch of bright color to contrast with the soft greens, purples and whites found in … The Platanaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to the order Proteales. The plane tree. So there is really little to see nor specific "French concession" reason to go here. All except for P. kerrii are deciduous, and most are found in riparian or other wetland habitats in the wild, though proving drought-tolerant in cultivation. The base of the leaf stalk (petiole) is enlarged and completely wraps around the young stem bud in its axil. The German camouflage pattern Platanenmuster ("plane tree pattern"), designed in 1937–1942 by Johann Georg Otto Schick, was the first dotted camouflage pattern. For more than 70 years a tree protected the remains of a World War II fighter pilot from Washington state whose plane crashed in Germany in 1945. Rows of Plane trees are a common sight in France - but they can also be a serious danger to drivers! Ceratocystis platani, known as le chancre coloré in French ('coloured canker') is a fungal disease that for the last 20 years has constituted a serious threat to plane trees and sycamores (Platanus spp) in Europe. There’s nothing more magical on a hot summer’s day than enjoying a glass of chilled, dry rosé in the shade of a towering Plane tree in the square. Most significant aspects of cultural history apply to Platanus orientalis in the Old World. The largest plane tree in Provence is thought to be the giant of Lamanon, pictured left (click to enlarge), which is over 300 years old, 35 metres high and a whopping 8 metres in circumference. The 2033-year-old Platanus orientalis tree Tnjri in Nagorno-Karabakh. On old trunks, bark may not flake off, but thickens and cracks instead. These bristles help in wind dispersion of the fruits as in the dandelion. Mulberry trees often grace the main place in a small village. The leaves are simple and alternate. Fossil Platanus leaf from the Paleocene of Alberta, Canada. It was reportedly planted by Catherine de’ Medici on her visit to Nostradamus. Fossil Platanus fruit from the Paleocene of Alberta, Canada. The trees are pruned during winter each year, to stop them becoming too large and giving them their unusual aesthetics. Apart from the mature plane trees lining the streets here, there is little else left that suggests that the French were ever here. Found both in the wild and as a landscape tree in France, the European chestnut (Castanea sativa) can grow up to 100 feet tall. The hub of most French villages, especially in Provence, Plane trees are symbolic of socialising and spending time with loved ones. Ceratocystis platani, a wilt disease, has become a significant problem in recent years in much of Europe. The hub of most French villages, especially in Provence, Plane trees are symbolic of socialising and spending time with loved ones. 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In French, the tree is called “platane à feuilles d’érable,” meaning platane tree with maple leaves. The family consists of only a single extant genus Platanus, with eight known species. Napoleon ordered the lining of roads with Plane trees (and other tall trees like Ash, Elms and Chestnuts) to provide ample shade for his marching troops. When left in ideal conditions, Plane trees can live to be 4000 years old. Plane trees are most likely to be felled but limes and chestnuts are also at risk (AFP/Getty) Tree-lined roads stretching into the distance are one of the best-loved features of the French landscape. Platanus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Phyllonorycter platani and Setaceous Hebrew Character. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. The trees also provided the shade under which Aristotle and Plato’s famed philosophical schools were held.[9]. The London plane tree (Platanus × acerifolia) is a very large deciduous tree that is quite resilient in urban conditions. : Le platane en bas du village de Danakós. I'd like to see more pollarding in the UK. With such arboreal omnipresence it's easy to overlook just what a distinctive tree this is. Start with the basics. Male and female flowers are separate, but borne on the same plant (monoecious). Called marron in French, the chestnut is enjoyed as a gourmet food. For mathematical trees with a planar embedding, see, "Walking, talking and showing off – a history of Roman gardens", "Revision of the Mexican and Guatemalan species of Platanus (Platanaceae)", A developmental and evolutionary analysis of embryology in Platanus (Platanaceae), a basal eudicot, Photos, measurements, and location details of large plane trees worldwide, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Platanus&oldid=991659954, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, American sycamore, American plane, buttonwood, occidental plane, water beech, California sycamore, western sycamore, aliso, This page was last edited on 1 December 2020, at 05:10. The Plane-Tree, interrupting him, said, "You ungrateful fellows! The American plane tree, or sycamore (P. occidentalis), also known as buttonwood, buttonball, or whitewood, is the tallest, sometimes reaching a height of more than 50 m (160 feet).Its pendent, smooth, ball-shaped seed clusters usually dangle singly and often persist after leaf fall. There’s a giant Plane tree in the village of Lamanon that is 20m tall, has a girth of 8m and an impressive shade canopy of 1500m². Meaning stucco walls, stonework and, of course, lavender. The London planetree is believed to have resulted from a cross between the Oriental planetree and the American sycamore. Knowing when to prune plane trees and how can impact the plant’s health. Our beautiful pale pink rosé with delectable strawberry aromas now in Bag-in-Box format. Plane trees, also called London plane trees, are natural hybrids that developed in the wild in Europe. Plane facts for your perusal. 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